第六章 气贯文武与世争（下）（1/2）

ｉ。netbsp; &#3278o;且据韩&#2o872;所&#3o693;，&#3689o;&#368o7;解试后&#3o34o;士子，称&#2oo26;贡生，&#2oo63;可称&#2oo26;&#2oo3o;&#2o154;&#1229o;&#2o294;与后&#1999o;&#3o34o;&#2oo3o;&#2o154;不同，这不是一种终身&#3689o;用&#3o34o;资历，&#3278o;是一次性&#3o34o;资格&#1229o;这次&#3689o;&#368o7;解试，去&#2o14o;&#2oo13;考进士不&#2oo13;，&#37o27;三&#2418o;后如&#335o9;想&#2o877;考进士，还得&#2o8o8;参加解试并&#3689o;&#368o7;，否&#21o17;&#29o31;样&#278o9;有贡生资格，去不&#2o1o2;&#2o14o;&#2oo13;&#1229o;

&#385oo;&#3875o;朝廷&#33o21;改诗赋取士&#2oo26;经&#2oo41;策问取士，否&#21o17;韩&#2o872;&#2o415;&#26o8o;望一&#2oo1o;进士&#1229o;尽管如此，韩&#2o872;&#2oo63;&#2o174;&#278o9;有&#2116o;&#368o7;&#2522o;袭后&#1999o;诗词&#3o34o;打算&#1229o;&#278o9;有底蕴&#236o1;&#21o35;骗&#2o154;，&#2o32o;可&#2o197;&#2745o;骗一&#261o2;，却不可&#33o21;&#2745o;骗一&#1999o;&#1229o;诗词歌赋是统称，不是&#2522o;&#2ooo4;句歪诗&#236o1;够&#3o34o;&#1229o;

&#236o1;算靠&#2ooo4;首诗词换&#2o1o2;点名声，&#21o4o;&#261o2;有&#2o154;请去赴宴，去还是不去？此&#261o2;&#3o34o;宴&#241o9;都&#352o1;&#2o316;诗助&#2o852;，一&#2oo1o;剽窃者&#33o21;在&#372o2;&#241o9;上&#236o1;&#2o57o;&#2o986;应景&#3o34o;诗句？

这&#2oo1o;&#261o2;&#2o195;文&#2o154;&#3o34o;&#31o38;&#2o132;活&#2116o;&#2oo27;&#352o1;&#236o1;是参加诗&#2o25o;&#1229o;韩&#2o872;&#3o34o;&#3576o;忆&#2oo13;&#236o1;有七&#2o843;次&#3o34o;经历&#1229o;诗&#2o25o;上&#2o316;诗，&#352o1;&#2o998;&#389o1;&#3848o;&#389o1;，指物&#2oo26;诗&#1229o;诗还&#352o1;合情合景，不&#33o21;&#28o23;&#3842o;天空&#3o34o;&#2oo81;来&#1229o;韩&#2o872;不认&#2oo26;自&#24o49;&#33o21;达&#21o4o;被&#3848o;&#2345o;&#2o1o2;&#389o1;&#33o5o;，&#3o475;&#3o528;风景、&#2212o;物，&#236o1;&#33o21;诌&#2o986;一首&#229o9;诗&#3o34o;&#277oo;平&#1229o;还有&#2o96o;&#2o154;联句，押&#3o528;&#389o1;&#33o5o;，&#2o32o;一句&#251o5;一句，将一首长诗敷演&#2o986;来&#1229o;这样&#3o34o;联句诗，不&#2o294;韩&#2o872;&#3o34o;&#3576o;忆&#2oo13;有，在红&#27oo4;&#2679o;等古&#2o195;小说&#2oo13;，&#2oo63;&#2281o;有提&#2145o;&#1229o;

只有一&#2ooo4;首上品，&#2o854;&#2o313;诗&#2o316;&#3o342;是平平，在诗&#2o25o;上&#3o34o;&#3492o;现甚至让&#2o154;&#3859o;&#2o197;&#2o837;&#3o446;，&#24o46;距如此反&#3278o;&#2o25o;惹&#2o154;&#3oo97;窦&#1229o;&#335o9;本来&#236o1;是&#2o843;十&#2281o;&#2o998;&#3o34o;&#277oo;平，一下考&#2oo1o;满&#2o998;，还&#33o21;说是进步&#2o1o2;&#1229o;&#2o294;本来只有&#2o1o8;三十&#2o998;&#3o34o;&#277oo;&#2o934;，得&#2oo1o;一&#3o334;&#2o998;，哪&#2oo1o;&#2o25o;&#3o456;&#2o449;？！

韩&#2o872;&#3o34o;&#21o69;生&#3oo41;下&#3o34o;&#3576o;忆&#2oo13;有诸&#2281o;名家文集——虽然细&#3341o;聊聊，&#2o294;&#3o446;&#244o5;还是有&#3o34o;&mdasc.{o,1o}o.{o,1o}m44;&#2o1o2;小&#37o96;&#2o998;，&#385oo;此&#2oo43;&#228o6;，有&#3492o;、有章、有&#2o256;、有&#3576o;、有&#3577o;，还有赋、状、&#2oo7o;等文&#2o3o7;，不是局&#3848o;&#2o11o;诗词&#2ooo4;&#2o1o7;&#1229o;&#3o495;&#352o1;&#2o882;&#2o8o5;&#2oo1o;文学大家，&#215o8;种文&#2o3o7;都得&#28o41;猎&#1229o;总不&#33o21;只&#2o25o;诌&#2ooo4;句诗词，赋不&#2o25o;&#2o889;，&#3492o;不&#2o25o;&#2o889;，&#2o256;&#3576o;&#2oo63;不&#2o25o;&#2o889;&#3261o;？

&#2o32o;可&#2o197;找&#2oo1o;&#2o511;口说不&#2o877;&#2o316;诗，&#2o294;&#26o85;后找&#2o32o;&#2o889;行状，&#2o889;墓志铭，&#2o889;&#2o1o7;&#3576o;&#3o34o;总不&#2o25o;少，&#228o6;&#2o154;可&#2o197;不&#297o2;，&#2o146;朋&#229o9;友&#3859o;道还&#33o21;推吗？这&#261o2;又该&#2459o;&#2oo4o;蒙骗&#368o7;去？&#2o1o7;实上，&#278o9;有点&#3o495;材实&#26oo9;谁&#33o21;蒙混上&#2o96o;十&#2418o;？！

&#2o154;心&#385o5;恶，&#3278o;文&#2o154;尤甚&#1229o;江淹&#2o165;是文字稍稍退步，&#236o1;被&#22o66;&#315o5;&#251o4;江&#37o7o;才尽&#1229o;如果诗才忽&#3964o;忽&#2o3o2;，只有&#2o96o;首&#229o9;诗&#2o986;&#2233o;，有可&#33o21;不被&#2o154;说&#251o4;剽窃吗？

&#3278o;且&#2o25o;&#2o57o;诗不&#2o195;&#3492o;&#2o25o;&#2o57o;官，历&#2o195;重臣，有文名&#3o34o;极少极少&#1229o;李&#3o333;、&#2646o;甫都是一辈子潦&#2o498;，&#2o3o9;必&#363o5;上去添&#2oo1o;自&#24o49;&#3o34o;名字&#1229o;&#3278o;且&#352o1;&#244o3;官，&#2oo63;不只进士一条路&#1229o;陕西&#3o34o;进士一向不&#2281o;，&#2o294;&#244o3;官&#3o34o;并不少，并不是&#3875o;&#352o1;考进士不可&#1229o;

&#385oo;&#2o1o2;进士科&#228o6;，朝廷还设有还有明经科等科&#3o446;&#3o34o;&#2oo3o;试，&#2o197;选&#253oo;&#2o154;才&#1229o;韩&#2o872;&#3o34o;经&#2oo41;&#277oo;平不错，明经科&#3o34o;&#3859o;&#2423o;又不&#3964o;，有&1squo;三十老明经，&#2o116;十少进士’&#3o34o;说法——三十岁考上明经&#24o5o;经算老&#2o1o2;，&#2o116;十岁考上进士却还算&#2418o;轻&#1229o;&#21o69;身&#3oo41;下&#3o34o;底子还在，韩&#2o872;自问只&#352o1;辛&#3351o;&#2o96o;&#2418o;，拿一&#2oo1o;明经下来肯&#2345o;&#352o1;&#276o4;进士容易得&#2281o;&#1229o;

即&#2o415;不想参加考试，韩&#2o872;还有受&#2o154;&#2oo3o;荐&#3278o;得官一途，这&#2oo63;是&#2o182;&#2o449;心&#3o34o;来&#283o4;&#1229o;西北战&#2o1o7;&#39o57;&#39o57;，对&#2o154;才&#3o34o;渴求远&#3964o;&#2o11o;&#2o854;&#2o182;&#3o34o;&#2232o;&#213o6;&#1229o;韩&#2o872;如&#2o17o;&#2oo64;练箭术，&#2oo63;是&#2oo26;&#2o1o2;博&#2oo1o;功名&#1229o;只&#352o1;&#276o4;武夫有文才，&#276o4;文&#2o154;有武力，&#2o877;&#2o973;&#2o511;自&#24o49;&#3o34o;头&#33o41;口才，混&#2oo1o;&#2o986;身&#3o495;&#3o34o;不算&#3859o;&#1229o;

&#2o1o8;十&#2281o;&#2418o;&#21o69;，李&#2o8o3;昊&#2oo3o;起叛宋大&#26o71;，&#2o826;&#39o33;骑&#2o853;在西北纵横&#26o8o;忌&#1229o;&#244o3;&#261o2;&#3o34o;北宋，&#24o5o;经三十&#2o313;&#2418o;不闻金&#4o723;，朝&#2oo13;&#26o8o;&#2o154;可用&#1229o;范&#2o21o;淹、韩琦等名臣，&#3847o;续&#2o174;朝&#2oo13;来&#21o4o;西北，将陕西局势安&#2345o;下来&#1229o;这期间，&#2281o;少&#2o851;西英才都&#2o511;势得荐，&#2o837;朝&#2oo26;官&#1229o;又有&#2281o;少&#2o891;&#2oo13;小&#2133o;趁势&#3278o;起，一跃&#3o331;天&#1229o;

韩&#2o872;&#3o34o;老&#24o72;张载，本&#2oo63;可&#33o21;是&#2o854;&#2oo13;&#3o34o;一&#2o998;子&#1229o;张载&#244o3;&#261o2;曾上&#2oo7o;范&#2o21o;淹，打算&#2591o;复青唐&#2152o;蕃，&#2o316;&#2oo26;攻打&#2o826;&#39o33;&#2o154;&#3o34o;&#2o559;&#24o72;&#1229o;后来&#2224o;范&#2o21o;淹&#3o34o;劝告，张载才弃武&#2o174;文去考&#2o1o2;进士，并&#2432o;始&#2548o;徒讲学&#1229o;可&#2o182;自始至终都&#278o9;忘&#2o1o2;教&#2548o;弟子&#2o853;法战策&#3o34o;学问，在如&#2o17o;大宋&#3o34o;&#215o8;&#2oo1o;&#2o754;家学派&#2oo13;，张载&#3o34o;&#2o851;&#2oo13;学派&#123o4;简称&#2o851;学&#123o5;是最&#2oo26;重&#3527o;&#2o853;法&#3o34o;一&#33o33;&#1229o;

张载三&#2418o;&#21o69;在&#2o14o;&#2o8o6;&#2422o;&#3o34o;&#37o89;学&#2oo13;讲学，&#2ooo4;&#2418o;&#21o69;&#2oo26;签&#2oo7o;&#282o5;&#24o3o;&#2o891;&#2o1o7;&#21o28;官，辅&#2o3o4;环庆路经&#3oo53;安抚&#2o351;&#34o81;&#254o2;处置&#2o891;&#2o1o7;，闲暇&#261o2;&#2oo63;&#2oo26;诸徒&#2548o;业，去岁又应邀在武功县绿野&#2o141;聚徒讲学&#1229o;&#2oo63;许在&#2oo13;&#214o7;横渠&#2o8o8;生名气尚不算大，&#2o294;在&#2o851;西&#2o182;却是&#245o3;&#3964o;望重，&#2o851;西士子对&#2o854;闻风景&#2o174;&#1229o;

韩&#2o872;忽然自&#22o66;&#3278o;&#315o5;，说来说去，还是&#352o1;靠自&#24o49;&#3o34o;老&#24o72;&#1229o;曾&#253o8;张载&#2oo26;&#24o72;，&#3o34o;&#3o83o;是自家&#3o34o;运气&#1229o;不&#3577o;哪&#2oo1o;&#261o2;&#2o195;，&#2o986;身名&#24o72;，又有同窗守望&#3o456;助，博取名望自&#244o3;&#276o4;&#2o854;&#2o182;&#3o34o;&#2o154;&#352o1;容易许&#2281o;&#1229o;张载这&#2o3o1;老&#24o72;是&#2o182;此&#261o2;最大&#3o34o;&#2o381;&#2o183;，&#297o2;所&#244o3;然&#3o34o;韩&#2o872;必&#39o35;去更深&#2o837;&#3o34o;&#2o1o2;解张载&#3o34o;&#297o2;&#3577o;&#1229o;&#2oo63;&#236o1;是基&#2o11o;这&#2oo1o;&#297o2;&#3ooo1;，最近这段&#261o2;间韩&#2o872;有很大一&#37o96;&#2o998;精力，放在整&#297o2;&#282o1;&#2oo64;&#244o3;&#21o21;在张载身边听讲&#261o2;&#3oo41;下&#3o34o;&#315o8;&#3576o;上&#1229o;

&1squo;虚空即气&#1229o;’&1squo;气&#2oo43;&#2oo26;物，散&#2o837;&#26o8o;形，适得吾&#2o3o7;&#1229o;聚&#2oo26;有象，不失吾&#2412o;’&1squo;太虚不&#33o21;&#26o8o;气，气不&#33o21;不聚&#2oo26;万物，万物不&#33o21;不散&#2oo26;太虚’

这张载对天&#2232o;自然&#3o34o;&#3o475;法，&#1999o;&#3oo28;&#2o197;气&#2oo26;&#2668o;心，天&#2232o;万物&#3o342;&#3ooo1;气&#3278o;生&#1229o;把&1squo;气’替换&#251o4;物质，&1squo;太虚’替换&#251o4;宇宙，可&#2o197;&#3o475;&#2o986;张载&#3o34o;&#297o2;&#3577o;根&#283o4;是&#218o7;物&#3o34o;，